Simon Mills and Kerry Bone See book keywords and concepts | Grieve M. A modern herbal, vol 1. Dover Publications, New York, 1971, pp 82-84.
10. Leung AY, ForsterS. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs and cosmetics, 2nd edn. John Wiley, New York, 1996, pp 67, 282.
11. Chiej R. The Macdonald encyclopedia of medicinal plants. Macdonald, London, 1984, entry no. 54.
12. Launert EL. The Hamlyn guide to edible and medicinal plants of Britain and Northern Europe. Hamlyn, London, 1981, p 24.
13. Veringa L, Zaricor BR. Goldenseal/etc. A pharmacognosy of wild herbs. Ruka Publications, Santa Cruz, 1978, pp 20-22.
14. | Brigitte Mars, A.H.G. See book keywords and concepts | It is used infrequently in modern herbal medicine, but it can be helpful in cases of emotional trauma, hysteria, and low libido.
As a flower essence, vanilla is helpful for those who are overcome by negative influences, helping them remain clearheaded and feel more in control in life situations.
Edible Uses
Vanilla bean and extract are popular flavorings for a wide variety of confections, liqueurs, and even pharmaceuticals.
Other Uses
Vanilla is used to scent perfumes, cosmetics, potpourri, and smoking mixtures. It is also used in love magic. | Simon Mills and Kerry Bone See book keywords and concepts | Grieve M. A modern herbal, vol 1. Dover Publications, New York, 1971; pp 293-297.
6. British Herbal Medicine Association's Scientific Committee. British herbal pharmacopoeia. BHMA, Cowling: 1983; pp 92-93.
7. Felter HW, Lloyd JU. King's American dispensatory, 18th edn, 3rd revision, vol 1,1905. Reprinted by Eclectic Medical Publications, Portland, 1983; pp 891-892.
8. Albert-Puleo M. J Ethnopharmacol 1980; 2: 337-344.
9. Bensky D, Gamble A. Chinese herbal medicine materia medica. Eastland Press, Seattle, 1986; pp 440-441.
10. Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. | Grieve M. A modern herbal, vol 1. Dover Publications, New York 1971; pp 309-310.
3. Felter HW, Lloyd JU. King's American dispensatory, 18th edn, 3rd revision, vol 2,1905. Reprinted by Eclectic Medical Publications, Portland: 1983; pp 1438-1439.
4. Johnson ES. Feverfew (overcoming common problems). Sheldon Press, London, 1984; pp 26-27.
5. Johnson ES. Feverfew (overcoming common problems). Sheldon Press, London: 1984; pp 51, 52, 56-70.
6. Hancock K. Feverfew. Your headache may be over. Keats Publishing, New Canaan: 1986; pp 36, 47-51.
7. Hancock K. | Grieve M. A modern herbal, vol 1. Dover Publications, New York, 1971, p 55.
2. Felter HW, Lloyd JU. King's American dispensatory, 18th edn, 3rd revision, vol 1,1905. Reprinted by Eclectic Medical Publications, Portland, 1983, pp 279-281.
3. Felter HW. The eclectic materia medica, pharmacology and therapeutics, 1922. Reprinted by Eclectic Medical Publications, Portland, 1983, pp 206-207.
4. British Herbal Medicine Association's Scientific Committee. British herbal pharmacopoeia, BHMA, West York, 1983, p 31.
5. Sanderson L. How to make your own herbal cosmetics. | Tori Hudson, N.D. See book keywords and concepts | The leaves of young, cultivated trees are used in modern herbal preparations. Two groups of active constituents— the terpene lactones and the ginkgo flavone glycosides—are the most critical compounds of standardized herbal products. Many forms and methods of preparation of ginkgo are available, although a high quality of Ginkgo biloba extract is typically standardized to 24 percent ginkgo flavone glycosides and 6 percent terpene lactones. The actions of these constituents include improving blood flow to the brain70 and to the hands and feet. | Simon Mills and Kerry Bone See book keywords and concepts | They make a persuasive case for a modern herbal therapeutics still.
FOR LONG-TERM REPAIR
In modern times herbal medicine has come to be seen as gentle, almost inocuous, most suitable for long-term therapy. Patients often expect herbs to take a long time to work. As has been discussed so far, this perspective says more for the conditions being treated than for the herbs themselves. Chronic diseases cannot be corrected quickly. | Pam Montgomery See book keywords and concepts | Maude Grieve, who wrote A modern herbal, says that since ancient times there was "a belief in its merits as a protection against contagion, for purifying the blood, and for curing every conceivable malady." It is warming and stimulating, improving digestion, circulation, and stagnation in the uterus. Its tonic effects relieve nervous exhaustion as well as bring rejuvenation to the whole system. Being highly medicinal is not the only virtue of Angelica, as its most well-known use is as a confection, decorating cakes, while its seeds are used to make the liqueur Chartreuse and to flavor gin. | Simon Mills and Kerry Bone See book keywords and concepts | Grieve M. A modern herbal, vol 1. Dover Publications, New York, 1971, pp 187-188.
4. Smeh NJ. Creating your own cosmetics - naturally. Alliance Publishing, Garrisonville, 1995, pp 81, 82,137.
5. Chiej R. The Macdonald encyclopedia of medicinal plants. Macdonald, London, 1984, entry no. 191.
6. Launert EL. The Hamlyn guide to edible and medicinal plants of Britain and Northern Europe. Hamlvn, London, 1981, pp 192-194.
7. Wagner H, Bladt S. Plant drug analysis: a thin layer chromatography atlas, 2nd edn. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1996, pp 159,199.
8. Schmidt PC, Weibler K, Soyke B. | Alan R. Gaby, M.D., Jonathan V. Wright, M.D., Forrest Batz, Pharm.D. Rick Chester, RPh., N.D., DipLAc. George Constantine, R.Ph., Ph.D. Linnea D. Thompson, Pharm.D., N.D. See book keywords and concepts | The huge root, which can grow to the size of a human, is the source of medicinal preparations used in Traditional Chinese Medicine and modern herbal products. Kudzu grows in most shaded areas in mountains, fields, along roadsides, thickets, and thin forests throughout most of China and the southeastern United States. The root of another Asian species of kudzu, Pueraria thomsonii, is also used for herbal products. | Amarjit S. Basra See book keywords and concepts | Grieve, M., A modern herbal (Twickenham: Tiger Books, 1998 [reprint]), p. 368.
7. Chrubasik, S., Junck, H., Breitschwerdet, H., et al., 1999, Effectiveness of Harpagophytum extract WAS 1531 in the treatment of exacerbation of low back pain, European Journal of Anaesthesiology, 16: 118-129.
8. Swanston-Flatt, S.K., Day, C, Flatt, PR., Gould, B.J., and Bailey, C.J., 1989, Glycaemic affects of traditional European plant treatments for diabetes: Studies in normal and diabetic mice, Diabetes Res, 10: 69-73; Leatherdale, B.A., Panesar, P.K., Singh, G, Atkins, T.W., Bailey, C.J., and Bignell, A.H. | Michael Friedman, ND See book keywords and concepts | Grieve MA. modern herbal. Vol. 2. New York, NY: Dover Reprint, 1971:578.
8. Greenspan FS and Strewler FJ. Basic and Clinical Endocrinology. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders College, 1997.
9. HamburgerJ. The Thyroid Gland. Southfield, MI: J. Hamburger, 1991.
10. National Women's Health Report. Thyroid Disorders and Women's Health 2000 Oct;22(5).
11. OschmanJ L. Energy Medicine: The Scientific Basis. Edinburgh, Scotland: Churchill Livingstone, 2000.
12. Pert C. The Molecules of Emotion. New York, NY: Scribners, 1997.
13. Pert C, Dreher X, Ruff M. | Alan R. Gaby, M.D., Jonathan V. Wright, M.D., Forrest Batz, Pharm.D. Rick Chester, RPh., N.D., DipLAc. George Constantine, R.Ph., Ph.D. Linnea D. Thompson, Pharm.D., N.D. See book keywords and concepts | Modern herbal medicine rarely uses wormwood alone. It is typically combined with herbs such as peppermint (page 726) or caraway (page 651) to treat heartburn (page 260) and even irritable bowel syndrome (page 280). Clinical trials are lacking to support the use of wormwood for any indication, however.
How much is usually taken?
A wormwood tea can be made by adding A to 1 teaspoon (2.5 to 5 grams) of the herb to 1 cup (250 ml) of boiling water, then steeping for ten to fifteen minutes.5 Many doctors recommend drinking three cups (750 ml) each day. | by Michael Murray, N.D. and Joseph Pizzorno, N.D. See book keywords and concepts | In Britain at this time, not only were the leaves considered a delicacy in salads, but dandelion roots were roasted, ground and used to make "coffee," a process described with much approval by Grieve in A modern herbal, the first comprehensive encyclopedia of herbs, published in 1931 in Great Britain:
The prepared powder is said to be almost indistinguishable from real coffee, and is claimed to be an improvement to inferior coffee, which is often an adulterated product. | Alan R. Gaby, M.D., Jonathan V. Wright, M.D., Forrest Batz, Pharm.D. Rick Chester, RPh., N.D., DipLAc. George Constantine, R.Ph., Ph.D. Linnea D. Thompson, Pharm.D., N.D. See book keywords and concepts | Modern herbal preparations use only the isolated alkaloid known as huperzine A.
Huperzia has been used in connection with the following conditions (refer to the individual health concern for complete information):
Rating Health Concerns
**ft Alzheimer's disease (page 19)
Age-related cognitive decline (page 8)
Historical or traditional use (may or may not be supported by scientific studies)
Huperzia moss tea has been used for centuries in traditional Chinese herbalism for fever, as a diuretic, for blood loss, and for irregular menstruation. | Extracts of the leaves and flowers are most commonly used in modern herbal medicine. Hawthorn extracts standardized for total bioflavonoid content (usually 2.2%) or oligomeric procyanidins (page 574) (usually 18.75%) are often suggested. Many doctors recommend 80—300 mg of the herbal extract in capsules or tablets two to three times per day.10 If traditional berry preparations are used, the recommendation is at least 4-5 grams per day or a tincture of 4—5 ml three times daily. However, this form has not been clinically studied. | Standardized extracts containing up to 100% total saponins (triterpenoids), 60 mg once or twice per day, are frequently used in modern herbal medicine.8
Historical or traditional use (may or may not be supported by scientific studies)
Gotu kola has been important in the medicinal systems of central Asia for centuries. In Sri Lanka, it was purported to prolong life, as the leaves are commonly eaten by elephants. Numerous skin diseases, ranging from poorly healing wounds to leprosy, have been treated with gotu kola. | The leaves of the tree are used in modern herbal medicine.
Ginkgo biloba has been used in connection with the following conditions (refer to the individual health concern for complete information):
Rating Health Concerns
*** Age-related cognitive decline (page 8) (ARCD)
Alzheimer's disease (page 19) (early-stage) Glaucoma (page 205) (normal tension glaucoma)
Intermittent claudication (page 276) a protective action on nerve cells.5 GBE regulates the tone and elasticity of blood vessels,6 making circulation more efficient. | David Hoffman, FNIMH, AHG See book keywords and concepts | This is far from a comprehensive review of modern herbal research; rather, these are examples meant to serve as insights into the research endeavor.
IMMUNOMODULATORS
A wide range of plants and phytochemicals appears to impact the functioning of the immune system. There is still far too little research in this area to allow broad generalization, but this should not be taken to mean that the herbs themselves lack value as immunomodulatory agents. | Heather Boon, BScPhm, PhD and Michael Smith, BPharm, MRPharmS, ND See book keywords and concepts | EFFECT ON LIVER FUNCTION
Dandelion root plays a major part in modern herbal practice where it is considered to be a safe treatment used in the management of many liver related conditions.210 It is considered to be a both a choleretic (promoting production of bile) and a cholagogue (causing contraction of the bile duct initiating the flow of stored bile).1,3These properties are firmly part of herbal tradition, and the limited clinical data available tend to support them. | David Hoffman, FNIMH, AHG See book keywords and concepts | Principles and Practice of Phytotherapy: modern herbal Medicine. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1999.
Yance DR. Herbal Medicine, Healing and Cancer. Los Angeles: Keats Publishing, 1999.
22
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
The herbal traditions do not provide an abundance of information about the treatment of endocrine disorders. This is not surprising, as our understanding of the functions of this important body system is a very recent development. In addition, a comprehensive review of phytotherapy for the endocrine system has yet to be written. | Principles and Practice of Phytotherapy: modern herbal Medicine. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1999.
6. Belch JJF, Hill A. Evening primrose oil and borage oil in rheumatologic conditions. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2000; 71(suppl):352S-5S.
7. Huang Y-S, Mills DE, eds. Gamma-linolenic Acid: Metabolism and Its Roles in Nutrition. Champaign, IL: AOCS Press, 1996.
8. James MJ, Gibson RA, Cleland LG. Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammatory mediator production. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2000; 71(suppl):343S-48S.
9. Prasad K. | Principles and Practice of Phytotherapy: modern herbal Medicine. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1999.
Pizzomo JE, Murray MT. Textbook of Natural Medicine. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1999.
14
THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
The beauty of a spring meadow in bloom, the profound sense of presence in a grove of redwood trees—the heart takes flight and the spirit is healed. However, this is not the only way in which the magnificent flora with which we share our planet brings healing to our hearts. | Bradley J. Willcox, M.D., D. Craig Willcox, Ph.D., Makoto Suzuki, M.D. See book keywords and concepts | Kamato's modern herbal Marinade and Dressing
MAKES l'/2 CUPS; 25 SERVINGS, 1 TABLESPOON EACH
1 cup olive oil
1/4 cup lemon juice or red wine vinegar
1/3 cup fresh parsley leaves and tender stems
2 tablespoons finely chopped fresh marjoram
2 tablespoons finely chopped fresh basil 1 tablespoon finely chopped fresh thyme 1/2 teaspoon celery seed 1 clove garlic, chopped Pinch of sea salt V2 teaspoon hot pepper sauce
In a blender, place the oil, lemon juice, parsley, marjoram, basil, thyme, celery seed, garlic, salt, hot pepper sauce, and l4 cup water. On low speed, mix until nearly smooth. | David Hoffman, FNIMH, AHG See book keywords and concepts | Principles and Practice of Phytotherapy: modern herbal Medicine. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1999.
2. Uchida S, et al. Medical Science Research 1987; 15:831-2.
3. Chen H, Tappel AL. Free Radical Biology & Medicine 1994; 16:437^4.
4. Monforte MT, et al. Farmaco 1995 Sept; 50:595-9.
5. Middleton E Jr. International Archives of Allergy and Immunology 1995; 107:435-6.
6. Castillo MH, et al. American Journal of Surgery 1989; 158:351-5.
7. Spedding G, et al. Antiviral Research 1989; 12:99-110.
8. Hirano T, et al. British Journal of Cancer 1995; 72:1380-8.
9. Cheshier JE, et al. | My intention here is not to disparage its potential contribution to the treatment of cancer, but to highlight some of the challenges faced in modern herbal therapeutics by examining a largely overlooked safety consideration.
There is an important contraindication to the use of Essiac that is rarely mentioned, even by well-trained herbalists who should be able to see it. Essiac consists of a combination of four herbs, burdock root (Arctium lappa), slippery elm bark (Ulmus rubra), sheep sorrel (Rumex acetosella), and turkey rhubarb (Rheum palmatum). | Mark Blumenthal See book keywords and concepts | Grieve M. A modern herbal. New York: Dover Publishers; 1979;824 -8.
Grusla D, Holzl J, Kriegelstein J. Activity of valerian in the rat brain, [in German].
Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung 1986; 126:2249-53. Hazelhoff B, MalingreT, Meijer D. Antispasmodic effects of Valeriana compounds: an in-vivo and in-vitro study on the guinea-pig ileum. Archives Internationales de
Pharmacodynamic et de Ther 1982;257:274-87. Health Canada. Valerian Labelling Standard. Ottawa, Ontario: Health Canada
Therapeutic Products Programme. 17. May 1996.1-6. Hendriks H. | Dianne Onstad See book keywords and concepts | Tea made from the seeds is used in modern herbal medicine as a hair tonic and growth stimulant as well as an antidandruff shampoo. An old practice to abate gout and rheumatism was to thrash afflicted joints with nettle shoots; the possible improvement was a result of the increased blood flow to that region. Pressing the boiled leaves against a wound will stop the bleeding and at the same time purify the blood. | Phyllis A. Balch, CNC See book keywords and concepts | FORMULAS
FORMULA
COMMENTS
Essiac
A modern herbal formula that contains aloe-emodin, which kills some strains of leukemia cells in laboratory tests.
Hoxsey Formula
A modern herbal formula that contains berberine and emodin, which kill certain strains of leukemia cells under laboratory conditions.
Minor Bupleurum A traditional Chinese herbal formula that is especially Decoction1 appropriate for people who also have either HIV or hepatitis.
Reduces the rate at which some leukemia-causing viruses can reproduce by 80 percent, without interfering with T-cell reproduction. | C. P. Khare See book keywords and concepts | I am trying to move forward with the hope that this exercise will strike the right balance between the so-called holistic and scriptural Indian medicine and scientific phytomedicine, and will facilitate the entry of Indian herbs into the arena of modern herbal.
New Delhi. C. P. Khare
Pinaceae Abies spectabilis (D. Don) Spach.
-1 Abies webbiana Lindl.
ABIES p,nus webbiana Wall.
Figure 1 Abies smithiana (Pinaceae) [WOI]
Habitat
Himalayas from Kashmir to Assam at altitudes of 1600-4500 m.
Classical & common names
Ayurvedic: Taalisa, Taalisapatra, Dhaatriparni, Shukodara. |
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