Robert S. McCaleb, Evelyn Leigh, and Krista Morien
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 Department of Agriculture's Food and Nutrition Information Center of the National Agricultural Library, this database contains bibliographic records and abstracts on vitamins, minerals, and herbal dietary supplements.
New York Botanical Garden http: / / www.nybg.org
One of the United States' foremost botanical gardens, also accessible in virtual form.
Paracelsus http: / / www.teleport.com/~ibis/paracib.html This site provides valuable information about the integrated use of a wide range of therapeutic methods in health care. |
Margarita Artschwager Kay
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 Ancient compilers of herbal knowledge included the Greeks Hippocrates, Aristotle, Theophrastus, Dioscorides, and Galen and the Romans Pliny and Celsus in the early centuries of the Christian era. Their books, ancient summaries of even older writings, remained the mainstay of medical theory, passing into Arabic hands during medieval centuries. Arabic interpreters of these Greek and Roman writers included Avicenna, the Persian Rhazes, and the Jewish Maimonides, whose works were valued in Moorish Spain. With the onset of the Crusades, Europe was again exposed to ancient medical theory. |
Mark Bricklin
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 Spoerke, David G. herbal Medications. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Woodbridge Press, 1980.
This has become one of my favorite reference works, because it is one of the very few herb books written by a scientist in nontechnical language. The author is associate clinical professor of clinical pharmacy at the University of Utah College of Pharmacy and is also managing director of the Intermountain Regional Poison Control Center. Dr. Spoerke's book is valuable not so much because of what it tells you to do with herbs but for what it tells you not to do with them. |
Margarita Artschwager Kay
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| But the common people came rarely to these doctors for medical aid, not only because a fee was charged for their services, but also because the medicinal value of herbs was common knowledge and they could concoct remedies from their own gardens" (Emmart 1940:48; italics in original).
An herbal garden may still be seen in Cuernavaca, on the grounds where both Cortes and Mexico's ill-fated Emperor Maximilian (1864-67) had their palaces. It is used today for teaching folk healers.17 There were also great herb gardens near Tenochtitlan and throughout the Aztec empire (Nuttall 1923). |
| At the same school, an herbal was written by an Aztec doctor, Martin de la Cruz, and translated into Latin by a colleague there, Juan Badiano (Gates 1939); written to impress the Europeans with its sophistication, it too neglected the Aztec theory of illness and cure (Ortiz de Montellano 1990:20).
In 1571 Philip II, the successor to Charles I in Spain, sent Hernandez to study the natural history of the New World. Hernandez, born into a family of conver-sos, was a scientist trained in medicine at Alcala de Henares. |
| More is recorded about medicinal plants for babies because infant care information usually follows discussions of childbirth in herbal books and ethnographic records.
Infants
Across the cultures of the American and Mexican West, 'cold' was seen as the most serious threat to the health of the infants. However, many other concerns—such as preventing infection of the umbilical cord stump and eyes of the newborn, relieving colic, promoting sleep, relieving the itching of diaper rash, treating diarrhea, and raising the fontanelle—also received attention. |
Henry Pasternak, D.V.M., C.V.A.
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 A combination of biological response modifiers, Magnolia Plus herbal combination, and acupuncture has cured many patients.
BACTERIAL PNEUMONIA
Bacterial pneumonia frequently occurs secondary to other disease. Predisposing diseases in the dog include megaesophagus, aspiration, airway foreign bodies, viral infections (canine distemper), and immune deficiency. Predisposing diseases in the cat include aspiration, airway foreign bodies, bite wounds, and viral infections such as feline leukemia virus (FELV), feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), and feline immunodeficiency virus (FTy7). |
| It is estimated that 70 to 80 percent of all diseases are self-limiting and will heal without drug or herbal intervention. Nature has marvelous healing abilities, and the symptoms that we are presented with should not be suppressed but studied so that a holistic approach to disease can be instituted to affect a permanent cure. When the body's natural healing system is overloaded, symptoms and disease situations result. If we only treat the symptoms instead of the underlying imbalance, the situation may result in chronic disease and susceptibility to a more serious situation in the future. |
| It has been suggested that one of the underlying reasons that certain herbs and mushrooms have long been regarded as being healthful in traditional Chinese and Japanese dietary and herbal practices is partly because of their polysaccharides. In particular, astragalus, Lycium fruit, ganoderma, cordyceps, and shiitake, when consumed in large amounts, may provide enough polysaccharides to yield a medicinal immunological effect. |
| Researchers at Hunan Medical University refer to cordyceps as one of the most potent herbal tonics in traditional Chinese medicine. Their findings show that cordyceps activates NK cells in vitro and in animals and has significant antitumor activity. They concluded that cordyceps could be used as an immunopotentiating agent both in the treatment of cancer and in patients with deficient immune systems.34
It is well known that patients with autoimmune diseases possess low NK cell activity. I have used this herb as adjunctive therapy in all autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. |
| How exactly this herbal formula works is not totally understood; however, the main active ingredient, gastrodia, is composed of various chemicals including vanillin, which has been shown to have anticonvulsive effects.31
Pets with neurologic diseases, in particular, need foods that are high in B-complex vitamins. For example, thiamine (Bj) is required for normal functioning of all body cells, especially nerves. A deficiency can prone a patient to neuritis, muscular weakness, dizziness, and mental confusion. |
Dr. Gary Null
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 Cooking for Healthy Healing, How to be Your Own herbal Pharmacist, and Party Lights, as well as a Library Series of specialty booklets on nutritional healing. Dr. Rector-Page speaks nationwide regarding Lifestyle therapy on radio and TV talk shows and at conventions.
DR. JANE GUILTINAN Natural Health Clinic Bastyr University Seattle, WA (206) 632-0354
Dr. Guiltinan, chief medical officer at Bastyr University, Seattle, Washington, has been a naturopathic physician for ten years, specializing in women's health care and immune system disorders. |
Margarita Artschwager Kay
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| Most of all, thank you Art Kay, for letting me drag you through herbal gardens here and in Mexico, Europe, and Africa and for teaching me how to write about what I saw.
I hope that Healing with Plants in the American and Mexican West can be a useful source of information for doctors, nurses, nutritionists, pharmacologists, toxicologists, and other health-care providers. My purpose is to present facts with neither advocacy nor wholesale condemnation about healing traditions that use plant remedies. |
Sheldon Saul Hendler and David Rorvik
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 The leaves of Lagerstroemia speci-osa are used in Southeast Asia as an herbal remedy for a number of disorders, including diabetes and obesity. In the Phillipines, the plant is known by the Tagalog name of banaba.
Colosolic acid has been reported to activate glucose transport in cell cultures and to lower glucose in diabetic mice. There are a few reports that colosolic acid lowers blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetic subjects. However, none of these reports has appeared in peer-reviewed scientific literature. |
Rebecca Wood
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 It's one of the most common ingredients in Chinese herbal formulas, for it moderates the strong effects of other ingredients and makes them more effective. Licorice reduces vata and pitta.
Use A common flavoring ingredient in tobacco, beer, soft drinks, and medicines, licorice has an anise- or fennel-like aroma with a strong, dominating sweetness. This taste overwhelms both sweet and spicy dishes, except when minute quantities are blended with other spices—a pinch of powdered licorice added to fruit juices or punch adds an interesting note of flavor. |
| Use Caraway seeds may be chewed or infused as an herbal tea. The seeds are used to flavor breads, cakes, and pastries, and vegetable and meat dishes, especially in German, Austrian, and Scandinavian cuisine. The feathery, mild:flavored greens are used, before they flower, as an herb. Cook the taproot as you would a carrot.
See Carrot Family; Herbs and Spices.
CARDAMOM
(Elettaria cardamomum)
Cardamom, an Old World spice that tastes like lemon zest and eucalyptus, is a member of the ginger family. |
| In Peru, anise ranks with chamomile as a popular herbal tea and is listed on many restaurant menus. In Mediterranean regions, fresh anise greens are used as a salad ingredient and a cooked vegetable.
See Herbs and Spices.
Anjou Pear See Pear. ANNATTO
Achiote, Lipstick Tree
(Bixa orellana)
The rust-colored seeds of the annatto evergreen are a potent, almost neon orange-red colorant. The intensity of color is comparable to turmeric only it is predominantly salmon red rather than mustard yellow. |
| Use While mature alfalfa is typically fermented into silage for cattle, for human consumption it is sprouted and its pea-flavored leaves are used in salads or as a medicinal tea and herbal supplement.
See Sprouts.
Algae See Microalgae; Seaweed.
ALMOND
(Prunus dulcis)
A cousin of peaches, plums, and apricots, the almond is our oldest cultivated nut; wild almonds have been found in excavated Greek archaeological sites dating from 8000 b.c. Two types of almonds are grown—sweet and bitter. Sweet almonds are used primarily as a nutmeat. |
| For such individuals, digestive enhancers are available, including enzymes, probiotics, and various herbal formulas.
General food-combining guidelines for people with sensitive digestion include:
• Eat fruit by itself as a snack rather than combined with other foods; or when it's pie for dessert, give your digestive process some time between dinner and dessert.
• Milk is most easily digested when consumed alone. |
Sheldon Saul Hendler and David Rorvik
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| Arnica is available in homeopathic preparations, herbal tinctures and topical ointments, gels and creams. Arnica is listed in the Homeopathic Pharmacopeia of the United States (HPUS).
HOW SUPPLIED
Cream
Gel — 1%
Ointment
Pellets
Tablets
Tincture
Topical Spray
LITERATURE
Ernst E, Pittler MH. Efficacy of homeopathic arnica: a systematic review of placebo-controlled clinical trials. Arch Surg. 1998; 133:1187-1190.
Hart O, Mullee MA, Lewith G, Miller J. |
| Newall CA, Anderson LA, Phillipson, JD. herbal Medicines: A Guide for Health-Care Professionals. London: The Pharmaceutical Press; 1996, ppll0-113.
Vaddahi KS. The use of gamma-linolenic acid and linoleic acid to differentiate between temporal lobe epilepsy and schizophrenia. Prostaglandins Med. 1981; 6:375-379.
Fish Oils
TRADE NAMES
Fish oil is available generically from numerous manufacturers. Branded products include MaxEPA, Super EPA, Omega 3 (several manufacturers), Sof-Gel E.P.A. |
| Arnica is available in homeopathic preparations, in herbal tinctures and in topical products. Externally applied tinctures of arnica are commonly used in countries such as Germany to treat contusions, sprains, hematomas, rheumatic disorders and superficial inflammations of the skin.
ACTIONS AND PHARMACOLOGY
ACTIONS
Arnica has putative analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. |
Kenny Ausubel
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 The history of the herbal treatment of cancer," he wrote, is synonymous with "the history of medicine, indeed of civilization."7 Covering more than three thousand species, Hartwell's compilation listed all the Hoxsey herbs. They ranged from having three to over thirty citations each—a very impressive score, Duke noted.8
A number of the plants, Duke pointed out, contained chemical compounds "of considerable interest" to the NCI. |
Sheldon Saul Hendler and David Rorvik
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1722 14th Street, Suite #230 Boulder, CO 80302
Direct Inquiries to:
(800) 731-8420
E-mail: [email protected] www.zand. |
Michael Castleman
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 Dick at a scientific
Never Treat Children's Colds with Aspirin
In children under 18 who are experiencing significant discomfort from fever caused by colds, flu or chickenpox, do not give aspirin or its herbal equivalents, willow bark, meadowsweet or wintergreen. The combination of viral fevers and aspirin is associated with Reyes syndrome, a rare but potentially fatal illness that affects the brain and liver. Instead, place the child in a tepid bath. If you can't resist medication, give acetaminophen (Tylenol, Panadol, St. Joseph Aspirin-Free). When in doubt, call your child's physician. |
Earl L. Mindell, R.Ph., Ph.D.
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 Sometimes a little herbal help in relaxation can help start you on the path to healing.
Kava (Piper methysticum): If you're suffering from depression and anxiety caused by chronic pain, an herb called kava might do the job for you. This member of the pepper family grows as a bush in the South Pacific. Kava is a sedative and muscle relaxant. The South Pacific Islanders, who use it in much the same way many people in North America use alcohol, describe kava as a calming drink that brings on a feeling of contentment, well-being and encourages socializing. |
| Glaucoma
If you have glaucoma, you can try an herbal remedy that's been used in India for centuries. Derived from the coleus plant, forskohlin relaxes blood vessel walls to relieve high blood pressure and high intraocular pressure. Look for capsules of forskohlhii and take 200 to 400 mg per day. A new and very promising natural glaucoma remedy is huperzine-A, an extract of the Chinese plant known as club moss. Hup-erzine has been extensively studied as a memory booster, and it was found to also help reduce glaucoma symptoms. |
Berkeley Holistic Health Center and Shepherd Bliss
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| It is an herbal first-aid remedy for pain when applied locally to the affected part. One of the best poultices I have ever used is made of three parts comfrey, one part lobelia, and one part cayenne.
Plantain is a valuable herb because it is usually found anywhere. There are two varieties: broadleaf and lanceleaf. Both are equally good as a poultice for drawing, as a mild blood purifier, diuretic, and external pain reliever, and for bringing down inflammations. |
| Thomas Johnson Gerard's herbal, 1636
"O plants and herbs! You have the power to rescue this sufferer! I call upon and adjure you to make the remedy I prepare powerful and effective."
Atharva Veda
HERBS HAVE been and still can be used to save lives. In addition they can be used to help regenerate bodies which have been sub-
_I jected to the various pollutants of Western civilization. More and more we see both young and old seeking their way back to the ways of nature as lived by the Native Americans, Chinese, and Eastern peoples. |
| To keep solid wastes moving, use an enema or herbal laxative for three nights, beginning the night before the fast. Some people prefer taking a colonic irrigation before and after the fast. Additionally, use a good intestinal cleanser made with a ground psillium-seed base (this invaluable item may be obtained through health-product distributors or stores). Shake a heaping teaspoonful in four ounces of water or juice, then follow with an additional twelve ounces of liquid; take this five times daily for three to six days.
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