Bradley J. Willcox, M.D., D. Craig Willcox, Ph.D., Makoto Suzuki, M.D.
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 Vz cups bonito or kelp broth (see
Vi cup shelled and peeled ginkgo nuts page 229)
10 ounces water-packed firm light tofu 1 tablespoon sake rice wine
2V2 tablespoons kudzu powder or 2 tablespoons low-sodium soy sauce
2 tablespoons arrowroot powder V?. teaspoon turbinado or brown sugar
Canola oil spray V2 cup finely chopped green onion
In a medium bowl, soak the hijiki in water for 15 minutes, or until tender and rehydrated. Drain. In a small saucepan, boil hijiki in water for 4 minutes. Drain and set aside. |
| Add the hijiki, ginkgo, and Vi tablespoon kudzu powder (or V2 tablespoon arrowroot powder) and mix well by hand. Evenly divide the mixture and make four 1-inch-thick patties.
Spray a large skillet with canola oil and heat over medium heat. Cook the patties for 3 minutes, or until golden brown. Turn over and cook another 2 to 3 minutes, or until golden brown. Transfer the patties to 4 soup bowls.
In a saucepan, bring the broth, sake, soy sauce, and turbinado sugar to a boil. Reduce the heat to low and simmer for 2 minutes. |
Patrick Holford
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 Antioxidants—the best foods
Every year more and more antioxidants are found in nature, including substances in berries, grapes, tomatoes, mustard, and broccoli, and in herbs such as turmeric and ginkgo biloba. These substances, such as bioflavonoids, lycopene, and anthocyanidins, are not essential nutrients but are highly beneficial. They are classified as phytochemicals and are discussed fully in chapter 17.
_Your Personal Antioxidant Profile_
Test your powers of prevention and score one point for each yes answer. |
| BRAIN-FOOD FORMULAS
I also supplement a complex of brain-friendly nutrients that includes phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl serine, DMAE, pyroglutamate, ginkgo biloba, plus extra B vitamins. Together with omega-3 fats, these give me optimum nutrition for the mind.
You will also find supplements that help support hormonal health, mood, energy, and relaxation. My book Natural Highs explains how to use nutrients and herbs to keep you calm and connected.
INDIVIDUAL NUTRIENTS
Sometimes even the above formulas may still leave you short on specific nutrients. |
Nicola Reavley
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 These include tonics such as ginseng (Panax ginseng and Eleutherococcus senticosus), which can improve vitality and resistance to disease; ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba), which can improve mental function; damiana (Turnera diffusa), which can boost libido; ginger (Zingiber officinale), which can improve circulation; and hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha), which is a heart tonic. Herbs which may be useful during menopause include chaste tree ( Vitex agnus castus), St John's wort (Hypericum perforatum), motherwort (Leonurus cardiaca), dong quai (Angelica sinensis), and black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa). |
| It has many valuable effects including stabilising cell membranes, reducing free radical damage, improving blood circulation and enhancing oxygen and glucose use. ginkgo is particularly beneficial for brain, nerves and blood vessels.
Uses
Ginkgo is used to treat senile conditions, including Alzheimer's disease; hardening of the arteries; depression, and allergies. It is also used as a treatment for insufficient blood circulation to the brain and peripheral vessels.
Gentian is used to stimulate digestive activity whenever this is necessary. |
Joseph Glenmullen, M.D.
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 In their article in the Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, Cohen and Bartlik report that ginkgo biloba improved libido, erectile functioning, and the ability to orgasm in patients with antidepres-sant-induced sexual dysfunction. The dosage of ginkgo biloba taken by the patients ranged from 60 to 240 milligrams a day. Although an herb may be safer than a prescription drug as an antidote, it is still covering up potentially serious side effects of Prozac-type antidepressants. If possible, stopping the antidepressant is preferable.
Should Children Be Taking These Drugs? |
Gary Null
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 If you take 240 milligrams (mg) of ginkgo daily, it should relieve impotence due to arterial blockage. ginkgo biloba is best taken as a standardized extract because the constituents are not readily assimilated by the body. It does not break down well with alcohol either so it's not effective as a tincture or crude extract. Throughout Europe you can get this herb in capsule form, although though this is not so popular in the United States. |
Christian Ratsch
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 Herbal Ecstasy, a trademarked product marketed in the United States as 100% natural, consists of the following ingredients:
Tibetan ma huang wild Brazilian guarana Chinese black ginseng wild ginkgo biloba African raw cola nut gotu kola fo-ti-tieng green tea extract rou gui (a rare form of Chinese nutmeg)423
Ephedra intermedia var. tibetica or
E. monosperma (see
Ephedra spp.) Paullinia cupana Panax sp. (see Panax ginseng) ginkgo biloba L. Cola spp. Hydrocotyle sp. ? Centella asiatica Camellia sinensis
Myristica sp. ? (cf. |
Andrew Chevallier
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 The Chinese ginkgo tree (Ginkgo biloba, p. 98), which improves circulation of blood to the head and helps the memory, is now cultivated on large plantations in France. It was the bestselling medicine of all in Germany in 1992.
European Traditions & the Future
Sales of over-the-counter herbal medicines in Europe are increasing at a dramatic rate. In the UK between 1990 and 1995, sales climbed by 25 percent. Herbal medicine or "phytotherapy" is so esteemed in Germany that conventionally trained doctors routinely prescribe herbs along with orthodox drugs. |
Michael Tierra, L.Ac, O.M.D.
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 Ginkgo trees have been known to live well over an average of 1,000 years, as long as there has been written history in China. ginkgo has become one of the most popular herbs in the West because of the unique ability of the concentrated extract of the leaves (24:1) to improve cerebral blood circulation and blood circulation generally. Because of this ability, it has become widely accepted as a treatment to prevent or lessen the effects of senile dementia and Alzheimer's disease. |
Kevin Trudeau
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 Coldwell's stress reducing techniques; natto-kinase; natural Vitamin E; Omega-3s; ginseng; Peruvian maca; horny goat weed; muira puama; tribulus terrestris; ginkgo biloba; Candida cleanse; heavy metal cleanse
Migraine headaches
Dehydration; stress; hormonal imbalances; Candida; food allergies; parasites; heavy metal toxicity, allergies, and TMJ
Do all the cleanses; apple cider vinegar; must eliminate artificial sweeteners; Dr. |
J. E. Williams, O.M.D.
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 Most medicinal herbs are also rich in flavonoids, such as ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) and milk thistle (Silybum marianum). These compounds have considerable health benefits including anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, antiviral, antibacterial, anticarcinogenic, and antioxidant activity.
• Quercetin: Quercetin is one of the most common flavonoids in the human diet and one of the most important in an antiviral program. It is found in apples, onions, black tea, leafy green vegetables, beans, and other fruits, vegetables, and herbs. |
David Hoffman, FNIMH, AHG
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 In studies involving patients with peripheral arterial insufficiency, ginkgo significantly improved subjects' ability to walk without pain. Other exciting applications include the treatment of circulatory disturbances related to aging and diabetes, as well as the treatment of depression, tinnitus, Alzheimer's disease, and tobacco addiction.
Another traditional European heart tonic is Tilia platyphyllos (linden). This herb is especially indicated when anxiety and tension are part of the spectrum of factors impacting the patient, as it is an excellent relaxing nervine. |
| This is the most common and most potentially toxic type of drug interaction, and may occur when the herb and drug have similar mechanisms of activity, such as ginkgo and PAF inhibitors.
Antagonistic Effects
Here, an exposure to one medicine may diminish the effect of the other. This might be a physiological antagonism: For example, a severe drop in blood pressure resulting from a barbiturate overdose can be reversed by administration of a vasopressor to increase blood pressure.
TOXICOLOGY
Toxicology is the study of adverse effects of chemical or physical agents on living organisms. |
| Staying with gentle remedies, consider Urtica for skin and membranes, Crataegus and ginkgo for blood vessels, and Hypericum for nerves.
Protect the Whole Body from the Effects of Excessive Stress
The stress experienced during surgery is not simply stress associated with worry and anxiety, but also the physiological stress of the operation itself. Adaptogens are irreplaceable here. In short, they help increase the body's resistance and resilience in the face of stress. They help the body adapt around the problem and avoid the possibility of collapse. |
| This damage may be lessened through the use of cardiovascular tonics, such as Crataegus spp., ginkgo biloba, and Allium sativum.
In addition, herbs can help ease problems related to functional and structural changes in the skin. While they may provide only symptomatic relief, this is nonetheless essential for the patient. Emollients, circulatory stimulants, and other remedies may be valuable here, but the specifics will depend upon the patient's experience. Moisturizing actions are especially important, because the skin is usually dry and scaly in this condition. |
| Postoperatively, we have replaced Crataegus with ginkgo as the cardiovascular tonic because of its ability to help increase the availability of oxygen to the brain after anesthesia. Equisetum was replaced by Calendula for the postoperative treatment to prevent possible constipation.
Nervous system tonic. Hypericum perforatum has a unique ability to promote the healing of physically damaged nerves. One of its folk names in Germany translates as "the comfrey of the nervous system."
Adaptogenic support. Adaptogens are essential to ease the body's stress response. |
Ronald L. Hoffman, M.D.
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 Studies in both healthy younger women and older people have demonstrated that ginkgo can produce improvements in memory and mental performance.1 American researchers are beginning to take an interest in ginkgo biloba and have conducted several studies that show improvements in memory and attention in elderly patients, and short-term memory improvements in healthy younger people. In European research, 120-milligram tablets of 24 percent standardized extract are given two or three times a day for three to six months minimum. |
Earl L. Mindell, RPh, PhD with Virginia Hopkins, MA
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| Ginseng and ginkgo together is a good herbal tonic for men to use regularly, as they both have a balancing and tonifying effect throughout the body.
Ashwagandha
This is an herb originally used in Ayurvedic medicine in India. Like ginseng, it is a tonic herb and was traditionally used to improve libido and sexual performance.
Arginine
The amino acid arginine is involved in the production of the neurotransmitter and artery-relaxing substance nitric oxide. If you remember, Viagra has its effect through relaxing the arteries in the penis. |
Heather Boon, BScPhm, PhD and Michael Smith, BPharm, MRPharmS, ND
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 One study of 60 patients with proven arterial erectile dysfunction who had not responded to papaverine injections were given 60 mg/day of ginkgo extract for 12-18 months. Improvement in blood flow (as measured by duplex sonography) was noted after 6 to 8 weeks and 50% of the men gained potency after 6 months. In another 20% of the sample, a new trial with papaverine proved successful.173 This trial was not blinded, and given the large psychological component of impotence, additional studies are required to confirm these results. |
Earl L. Mindell, RPh, PhD with Virginia Hopkins, MA
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| The bioflavonoids in grapeseed extract and ginkgo biloba help strengthen blood vessels and improve blood flow to the extremities.
Calcium, long known to be important for bone health, may also help with weight loss, according to recent research by scientists at the
University of Vermont. Women who increased their calcium intake by as little as 130 mg a day showed an increased rate of weight loss compared to women whose calcium intake didn't increase. In-depth studies of fat cell function have shown that when calcium intake is too low, a hormone that causes bones to demineralize is released. |
| Since ginkgo improves circulation to the extremities, it seems a logical choice for CTS. You can also try taking glucosamine or EV.EXT77, since they aid the body in repairing cartilage and tendons.
CHAPTER THIRTEEN
Antibiotics, Antifungals, and Their Natural Alternatives
Anti-infectives is the general term to describe the drugs we take to fight all kinds of infections such as bacteria, fungus, parasites, and viruses. In this chapter, antibiotics and antifungals are the types of anti-infectives that will be covered.
WHEN SHOULD YOU TAKE ANTIBIOTICS? |
Mark Hyman, M.D.
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 Some have specific benefits for different systems in the body, such as hawthorn (for the heart), ginkgo (for the brain), or milk thistle (for the liver).
Follow the guidance of an experienced practitioner unless otherwise indicated here for specific problems. Herbal antioxidants include:
• Ashwaganda—(Withania somniferd), an ancient Ayurvedic or Indian ginsenglike herb.
• Chocolate (Theobroma cacao)—unfortunately, this must be taken in large doses to be effective and is usually found with sugar and dairy products added. |
Mark Blumenthal
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 Women were more responsive than men, with relative success rates of 91% versus 76%. ginkgo had positive effects on desire, excitement, orgasm, and resolution phases of the sexual response cycle. |
Richard P. Brown, M.D., and Patricia L. Gerbarg, M.D.
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 John's wort, and ginkgo biloba. Dick added Rhodiola rosea to her existing regimen, which quickly calmed her down. Soon after, she was back at work, creating more complex designs with fewer mistakes than she had been able to since her accident. Two months later, she reported feeling "fantastic."
Now that Cheryl has added galanthus to her regimen, she's getting even better results. On her own, she has found ways to compensate for residual short-term memory loss. She has reestablished her strong social network, too. |
Josef A. Brinckmann and Michael P. Lindenmaier
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 In the time period between 1730 and 1754, ginkgo trees were also planted in European parks (first specimens may have appeared in Utrecht, Vienna or Kassel).
There is now some cultivation in Germany (Rheintal) and in the southeastern U.S. for production of the leaf drug. The material of commerce is imported mainly from China, Japan, Korea and France.
Constituents: Since the crude drug is not therapeutically used in Europe and serves only as a raw material for the manufacture of the standardized dry extract, the following data refers to the components of both the raw leaf drug (If. |
| Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to ginkgo biloba preparations.
3. Side effects
Very rare mild gastrointestinal disturbances, headaches, or allergic skin reaction.
4. Special precautions for use
None known.
5. Use during pregnancy and lactation
No known restrictions.
6. Interactions with other drugs
None known.
7. Dosage
Unless otherwise prescribed: Daily dosage: Indication a:
120—240 mg native dry extract in 2 or 3 single doses. Indications b and c:
120—160 mg native dry extract in 2 or 3 single doses.
Mode of administration
In fluid or solid dosage forms, for oral ingestion. |
| However, these side effects occur less often with ginkgo than with the therapeutic use of other nootropics [15]. The approval license for infusions has been halted (based on a proposal by a manufacturer) due to extremely rare skin reactions and in individual cases, shock reactions [16].
Making the tea: Not usual. In the west, it is used almost exclusively in the form semi-purified and standardized extracts.
In Traditional Chinese Medicine, an infusion is prepared at a dosage of 3—6 g dried leaf for asthma. |
| Alkyl- and alkenyl phenols (ginkgolic acids) [8] with allergenic and toxic properties are mosdy removed from the extract during the manufacturing process; they are present at about 1.7% in the leaf drug and at not more than 5 ppm (= 0.0005 %) in the extract (see [19]). The leaf drug also contains small amounts of sterols, polyprenoles, lectins and cyclits. |
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